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Yield of soybean genotypes identified through GGE biplot and path analysis.

Welder José Dos Santos Silva1, Francisco de Alcântara Neto1, Wahidah H Al-Qahtani2

  • 1Plant Science Department, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.

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Summary

Selecting superior soybean genotypes requires understanding genotype × environment interactions. The BRS 333RR and M9144RR genotypes demonstrated both high yield and stability, with height of first pod insertion and days to maturity being key selection traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Agronomy and Plant Breeding
  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Genotype × environment (G×E) interaction significantly impacts soybean yield variation and breeding program success.
  • Understanding G×E interactions is crucial for identifying stable and high-performing soybean genotypes.
  • Multi-environment trials (METs) provide essential data for assessing genotype performance across diverse conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To select superior soybean genotypes for yield performance and stability using GGE biplot analysis.
  • To determine the direct and indirect effects of yield components on soybean grain yield via path analysis.
  • To identify key traits for soybean genotype selection strategies in breeding programs.

Main Methods:

  • GGE biplot analysis was employed to combine genotype (G) and G×E interaction effects for yield stability.
  • Path analysis was utilized to dissect the influence of yield components on grain yield.
  • Eight soybean genotypes were evaluated across eight diverse environments in Northeastern Brazil over two crop seasons.

Main Results:

  • Variance for genotype, environment, and G×E interaction was highly significant (P < 0.001) for all measured traits.
  • Genotypes ST820RR, BRS 333RR, BRS SambaíbaRR, M9144RR, and M9056RR showed significant grain yield stability.
  • BRS 333RR and M9144RR excelled by combining high productive performance with superior yield stability.

Conclusions:

  • The BRS 333RR and M9144RR genotypes are recommended for soybean breeding programs due to their combined performance and stability.
  • Height of first pod insertion (HPI) and days to maturity (NDM) are critical traits for selection, showing significant direct and indirect effects on grain yield.
  • Effective soybean breeding strategies should integrate GGE biplot and path analyses for robust genotype selection.