Hernia Following Rectus Sheath Hematoma

Rectus sheath hematomas (RSH) are increasing in prevalence, presumably correlating with increased use of anticoagulation medications and an aging population. Comorbidities such as blood dyscrasias, atherosclerosis, and hypertension are associated with an increased risk of developing an RSH. Iatrogenic origin of RSH, secondary to treatment of various abdominal pathologies, is not uncommon. Due to its exceptionally non-specific array of clinical signs and symptoms, RSH can be challenging to diagnose in the clinical setting without the aid of radiological images. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is generally the modality of choice through which the RSH can be successfully identified and characterized. CT imaging can play an important role in the planning of RSH management, as effective management varies depending on the size and position of the RSH. Recurrent bleeding, hypovolemic shock, abdominal compartment syndrome, myonecrosis, and infection have been traditionally considered as the more prominent complications of RSH. However, with more cases occurring, more complications are being described in the literature. The following case presents a previously unreported complication of RSH, that of bowel herniation into a potential space created by a previously treated RSH.