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Cancer immunotherapy: an evolving paradigm

Aifu Lin1,2,3

  • 1MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. linaifu@zju.edu.cn.

Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B
|October 13, 2022
PubMed

The inhibition of the host's natural immune response by tumor cells was widely reported in the early phases of the development of oncology therapy, and the concept of employing the host's immune system to treat cancer, i.e. tumor immunotherapy, is not new. However, as a result of early theoretical constraints, clinical application of immunotherapy did not go smoothly and lagged significantly behind radiation and chemotherapy. The path has been winding, but the future now seems promising. Immunotherapy research has advanced enormously as a result of the maturing of immuno-editing theory and the creation of numerous technologies, despite a number of unsuccessful endeavors and clinical studies. Since around 1998, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a variety of tumor immunotherapies, including cytokines (interleukin-2, interferons), cancer vaccines (Provenge), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ipilimumab), and cellular therapies (chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T)), signaling a boom in the field.

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