A Direct Position Determination Method Based on Subspace Orthogonality in Cross-Spectra under Multipath Environments

Area of Science:

• Signal Processing
• Electromagnetics
• Navigation Systems

Background:

• Conventional two-step localization methods require intermediate parameter estimation, limiting accuracy.
• Multipath environments pose significant challenges for accurate source localization.
• Existing direct position determination (DPD) methods often involve complex high-dimensional matrix operations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel time-difference-of-arrival-based (TDOA-based) direct position determination (DPD) method.
• To enhance localization accuracy while reducing computational complexity.
• To address the limitations of existing DPD methods in multipath environments.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing subspace orthogonality in cross-spectra between sensors.
• Calculating cross-spectrum between segmented received and reference signals.
• Performing eigenvalue decomposition to obtain subspaces.
• Constructing cost functions based on subspace orthogonality.
• Searching the superposition of cost functions for source location.

Main Results:

• The proposed TDOA-based DPD method achieves higher localization accuracy.
• The method demonstrates reduced computational complexity compared to other DPD techniques.
• Improved performance is validated using both simulated and real-world measured data.

Conclusions:

• The novel TDOA-based DPD method offers superior localization performance.
• The approach effectively mitigates challenges posed by multipath environments.
• This method presents a more efficient and accurate solution for radiation source localization.