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An emerging field: Post-translational modification in microbiome

Haonan Duan1,2, Xu Zhang3, Daniel Figeys1,2

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Proteomics
|October 14, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Bacterial post-translational modifications (PTMs) differ from human PTMs and are crucial for microbiome function. Understanding these bacterial PTMs offers insights into microbe interactions and human health.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are vital for biological processes, with extensive research on human proteins.
  • Studies on bacterial PTMs are increasing, revealing unique types, mechanisms, and functions compared to human PTMs.
  • PTM research in the microbiome remains limited, despite its significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studied bacterial PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, succinylation, glycosylation, and proteases.
  • To discuss enzymes responsible for these PTMs and their specific functions.
  • To summarize current methodologies for studying microbiome PTMs and their roles in microbial interactions and host-environment dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bacterial post-translational modifications.
  • Analysis of enzymes involved in bacterial PTMs.
  • Summary of techniques for microbiome PTM investigation.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial PTMs exhibit distinct characteristics from human PTMs.
  • PTMs influence microbe-microbe interactions and host-microbiome relationships.
  • Current methods, though evolving, enable deeper understanding of microbiome functional regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Bacterial PTMs are critical regulators within the microbiome.
  • Advancements in PTM study technologies are enhancing our comprehension of microbiome functions.
  • Further large-scale microbiome-wide PTM studies are essential for understanding the microbiome's role in human diseases.
Keywords:
bioinformaticscell biologymetaproteomicsmicrobiologymicrobiomepost-translational modifications

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