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Primary Malignant Brain Tumors following Systemic Malignancies: A Population-Based Analysis.

Yubo Wang1, Ziqian Wang2, Cong Hua2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, wangyubo@jlu.edu.cn.

Neuroepidemiology
|October 16, 2022
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Systemic malignancies increase the risk of developing primary malignant brain tumors, with glioblastoma being the most common. Prognosis after brain tumor diagnosis is poor, highlighting the need for further research into these associations.

Keywords:
CNS diseaseCancerGliomaPrimary brain tumorSEER program

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

  • Growing evidence suggests a link between prior cancers and subsequent brain tumors.
  • Understanding the prevalence and risk factors for secondary brain tumors is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and characteristics of primary malignant brain tumors following other systemic cancers in the USA.
  • To analyze standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for secondary brain tumors based on various demographic and clinical factors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program.
  • Extracted and analyzed demographic, clinical, and outcome data for 5,212 patients.
  • Calculated SIRs stratified by age, race, sex, treatment history, cancer histology, and primary cancer site.

Main Results:

  • Identified 5,212 patients with primary malignant brain tumors post-systemic malignancy.
  • Common preceding cancers included prostate, breast, and melanoma; glioblastoma was the most frequent secondary brain tumor.
  • Median time to brain tumor diagnosis was 53 months; prognosis was generally poor. SIRs varied significantly by race, cancer site, and type, with acute lymphocytic leukemia showing the highest risk.

Conclusions:

  • This study offers a comprehensive analysis of secondary brain tumor incidence and risk factors.
  • Potential genetic links between primary systemic cancers and secondary brain tumors warrant further investigation.
  • Findings guide future research into the complex associations between various cancers and brain tumor development.