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A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
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Geometric morphometric analysis of mandibular symphysis in Class III skeletal base
Kui Fei Teo1,2, Murshida Marizan Nor1, Alizae Marny Mohamed1
1Orthodontic Discipline, Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Anatomy & Cell Biology
|October 17, 2022
Summary
The mandibular symphysis (MS) shape in Class III skeletal cases varies significantly with gonial angle, incisor inclination, and sex. Understanding these mandibular symphysis variations aids orthodontic treatment planning.
Area of Science:
- Orthodontics
- Anthropology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Class III skeletal malocclusion presents unique challenges in orthodontic treatment.
- The mandibular symphysis (MS) is a key anatomical region influencing facial aesthetics and function.
- Understanding MS shape variation is crucial for effective treatment planning in Class III cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the general shape variation of the mandibular symphysis (MS) in individuals with a Class III skeletal base.
- To identify factors influencing MS shape variation, including gonial angle, incisor inclination, and sex.
Main Methods:
- Geometric morphometric analysis of pre-treatment lateral cephalometric radiographs from 254 Class III patients (aged 11-40).
- Landmark identification using TPSDig2 software and shape/statistical analysis in MorphoJ.
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Procrustes ANOVA to determine shape variations and influencing factors.
Main Results:
- Three principal shape dimensions accounted for 74.6% of MS variation.
- MS shape is significantly influenced by gonial angle, incisor inclination, and sex (P<0.0001).
- High gonial angle associated with narrower, elongated MS; low gonial angle with wider, rounded MS. Males exhibited taller MS than females. Retroclined incisors showed taller, retroclined alveolar parts.
Conclusions:
- Mandibular symphysis shape in Class III cases exhibits significant variation influenced by skeletal and dental factors.
- Gonial angle, incisor inclination, and sex are key determinants of MS morphology.
- Knowledge of MS shape variations is essential for personalized orthodontic treatment planning.
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