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Alcoholism screening in the elderly.

M L Willenbring, K J Christensen, W D Spring

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
    |September 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and its unit-scored version (UMAST) are effective tools for identifying alcoholism in elderly men. Shorter versions, the Brief MAST (BMAST) and Short MAST (SMAST), were less accurate.

    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Addiction Medicine
    • Psychometrics

    Background:

    • Alcoholism in the elderly is frequently underdiagnosed due to atypical symptom presentation.
    • Existing screening tools validated for younger populations often lack demonstrated efficacy in older adults.
    • Early identification of alcohol use disorders in seniors is crucial for timely intervention and improved health outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the validity of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), its weighted (MAST) and unit-scored (UMAST) versions, and two abbreviated forms (Brief MAST - BMAST, Short MAST - SMAST) for screening alcoholism in hospitalized elderly males.
    • To compare the diagnostic performance of these instruments in a geriatric population.

    Main Methods:

    • A cross-sectional study involving 52 hospitalized elderly male alcoholics and 33 nonalcoholic elderly male controls.

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  • Administration and scoring of the MAST, UMAST, BMAST, and SMAST to all participants.
  • Analysis of sensitivity and specificity for each instrument.

    • Main Results:

    • The MAST and UMAST demonstrated excellent sensitivity and specificity in identifying alcoholism among elderly males.
    • The Short MAST (SMAST) exhibited lower specificity, while the Brief MAST (BMAST) showed reduced sensitivity and specificity.
    • Factor analysis indicated that the symptom patterns in elderly alcoholics may not significantly differ from younger populations.

    Conclusions:

    • The full Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and its unit-scored version (UMAST) are recommended as valid and reliable instruments for screening alcoholism in elderly men.
    • While shorter versions exist, their diagnostic accuracy is compromised in this demographic.
    • The underlying symptom structure of alcoholism appears consistent across age groups.