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Building Resilience in Firefighters: A Systematic Review
Ahad Heydari1,2, Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh1, Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh3
1Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
This systematic review identified six key domains affecting firefighter resilience: physical health, fitness, mental health, lifestyle, job competencies, and demographics. These factors are crucial for assessing and enhancing firefighter resilience.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Firefighters face unique occupational stressors impacting their well-being.
- Resilience is critical for firefighters to effectively manage job demands and personal challenges.
- Understanding resilience indicators is vital for supporting this high-risk profession.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and identify key indicators that influence firefighter resilience.
- To categorize these indicators into meaningful domains for a comprehensive understanding.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of international electronic databases was conducted.
- Search terms included 'firefighter,' 'resilience,' and 'indicators.'
- Qualitative synthesis was used to analyze extracted indicators from 31 selected articles.
Main Results:
- 186 indicators of firefighter resilience were identified and classified.
- These indicators were grouped into 6 main domains and 15 categories.
- The domains include physical health, physical fitness, mental health, lifestyle, job-related competencies, and demographic status.
Conclusions:
- Firefighter resilience is a multifaceted construct influenced by physical, mental, lifestyle, and occupational factors.
- A holistic approach considering these six domains is essential for developing and evaluating firefighter resilience programs.
- Implementing interventions across these domains can enhance firefighter well-being and performance.
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