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Systematic review of pharmacological management in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: no options so far?

Luiz Henrique Lélis Miranda1, André Felipe Pastick de Holanda Oliveira1, Davi Mariano de Carvalho1

  • 1Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Recife PE, Brazil.

Arquivos De Neuro-Psiquiatria
|October 17, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Current Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) treatments show no significant survival benefits. Flupirtine may slow cognitive decline in CJD patients, but more research is needed for effective therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal, rapidly progressive dementia.
  • No cure currently exists for CJD, with most patients succumbing within a year.
  • Research is ongoing to identify potential treatments for managing CJD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review pharmacological treatments for CJD.
  • To assess the efficacy of treatments in increasing patient survival.
  • To evaluate the impact of treatments on cognitive deterioration in CJD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, and Lilacs databases.
  • Search terms included CJD, prion diseases, and specific drugs like quinacrine, doxycycline, flupirtine, and pentosan polysulfate.
  • Included studies were controlled and uncontrolled clinical trials and case series published from 2000 onwards.

Main Results:

  • Out of 85 initially identified papers, 9 were fully analyzed.
  • No evaluated drug demonstrated a significant increase in survival rates for CJD patients.
  • Flupirtine showed a potential benefit in mitigating cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Current pharmacological options do not significantly extend survival in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
  • Flupirtine may offer a modest benefit in slowing cognitive deterioration.
  • Further research is essential to develop effective therapeutic strategies for CJD management.
Abstract

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