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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Small Airways Diseases
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California.
Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|October 17, 2022
Summary
Small airways disease can be detected and diagnosed using medical imaging, even before lung function tests show abnormalities. This article outlines key imaging patterns for diagnosing various small airways diseases.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Radiology
- Respiratory Diseases
Background:
- Small airways are frequently affected by inhaled, systemic, and other lung disorders.
- Early detection of small airways disease is crucial as lung function abnormalities may appear later.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe typical imaging findings and patterns associated with small airways diseases.
- To provide a framework for diagnosing small airways diseases based on imaging characteristics.
Main Methods:
- Review of imaging findings in small airways diseases.
- Categorization of imaging appearances into four distinct patterns.
Main Results:
- Imaging is vital for diagnosing small airways disease, often preceding functional test abnormalities.
- Four key imaging patterns are identified: tree-in-bud opacities, poorly defined centrilobular nodules, mosaic attenuation, and emphysema.
Conclusions:
- A structured approach to imaging findings aids in formulating differential diagnoses for small airways diseases.
- Recognizing these imaging patterns is essential for timely and accurate diagnosis of small airways pathology.
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