Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cell Identification and Transplantation in Zebrafish

The zebrafish as a model organism is well known for its versatile genetics, rapid development, and straightforward live imaging. It is an excellent model to study hematopoiesis because of its highly conserved ontogeny and gene regulatory networks. Recently developed highly specific transgenic reporter lines have allowed direct imaging and tracking of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in live zebrafish. These reporter lines can also be used for fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) of HSPCs. Similar to mammalian models, HSPCs can be transplanted to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system of zebrafish recipients. However, the zebrafish provides unique advantages to study HSPC biology, such as transplants into embryos and high-throughput chemical screening. This chapter will outline the methods needed to identify, isolate, and transplant HSPCs in zebrafish.