Quantifying the quality of optical vortices by evaluating their intensity distributions

Optical vortices are widely used in optics and photonics, impacting the measurements and conclusions derived from their use. Thus, it is crucial to evaluate optical vortices efficiently. This work aims to establish metrics for evaluating optical vortex quality to support the implementation procedure and, hence, provide a tool supporting research purposes and technological developments. We propose to assess vortex quality using the following intensity parameters: eccentricity, cross-sectional peak-to-valley, cross-sectional peak difference, and the doughnut ratio. This methodology provides a low-cost, robust, and quantitative approach to evaluating optical vortices for each specific optical technology.