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Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
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Fatigue and Human Performance: An Updated Framework.

Martin Behrens1,2, Martin Gube3, Helmi Chaabene4

  • 1Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto-Von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany. dr.martin.behrens@outlook.de.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review updates the fatigue framework, distinguishing trait fatigue from state fatigue (performance and perceived) in motor and cognitive tasks. It highlights the interdependence of these fatigue dimensions and their modulating factors for a comprehensive understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Psychology
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Inconsistent definitions of fatigue hinder scientific communication and understanding.
  • Previous fatigue frameworks, like Enoka and Duchateau's, provided a basis but lacked comprehensive discussion on interdependence and key determinants.
  • The need for an updated framework to address the psychophysiology of fatigue in both motor and cognitive contexts is evident.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the fatigue framework by incorporating cognitive fatigue and previously overlooked determinants such as effort perception and self-regulation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying performance and perceived fatigue in response to motor and cognitive tasks.
  • To examine the interdependence between performance and perceived fatigue and provide recommendations for future research.

Main Methods:

  • This study employed a narrative review methodology.
  • It systematically analyzed existing literature on fatigue definitions, frameworks, and underlying mechanisms.
  • The review synthesized findings to propose an updated, comprehensive fatigue framework.

Main Results:

  • State fatigue is proposed as a psychophysiological condition involving decreased performance (performance fatigue) and/or increased subjective fatigue (perceived fatigue).
  • Performance and perceived fatigue are interdependent dimensions influenced by various determinants and modulating factors.
  • No single factor solely determines fatigue; rather, interactions between determinants, modulated by factors like age, sex, and task characteristics, are crucial.

Conclusions:

  • An updated fatigue framework is proposed, integrating cognitive fatigue and key determinants, emphasizing the psychophysiological nature of state fatigue.
  • The interdependence of performance and perceived fatigue is highlighted, underscoring that fatigue is a complex phenomenon.
  • Future research should focus on the interplay of determinants and modulating factors in motor and cognitive fatigue to advance the field.