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Two-step orthogonalization phase demodulation method based on a single differential interferogram.

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    A novel two-step orthogonalization phase demodulation (TOPD) method enhances quantitative phase imaging by using a single differential interferogram. This approach achieves accurate dynamic phase retrieval with arbitrary phase shifts, improving stability and practicability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Metrology
    • Image Processing
    • Quantitative Phase Imaging

    Background:

    • Traditional phase retrieval methods in interferometry can be time-consuming and sensitive to phase shift errors.
    • Dual-channel simultaneous polarization phase-shifting systems offer potential for faster acquisition but require robust phase demodulation.
    • Existing methods may suffer from deviations due to filtering or limitations from approximation conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a dynamic phase retrieval method for reducing interferogram acquisition time.
    • To enable phase retrieval with arbitrary phase shifts in dual-channel systems.
    • To enhance accuracy, stability, and practicability in quantitative phase imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • A two-step orthogonalization phase demodulation (TOPD) method is proposed, utilizing a single differential interferogram.
    • The method employs normalization and orthogonalization using a differential interferogram and a Gaussian filtered interferogram.
    • Phase parameters are solved via Lissajous ellipse fitting for accurate phase measurement.

    Main Results:

    • The TOPD method successfully reduces deviations associated with filtering operations.
    • Integration with Lissajous ellipse fitting overcomes limitations of approximation conditions in orthogonalization.
    • Experimental and simulation results confirm high accuracy, stability, and practicability.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed TOPD method offers a robust and accurate solution for phase extraction in quantitative phase imaging.
    • It effectively reduces acquisition time and enhances dynamic phase retrieval capabilities.
    • The method demonstrates broad applicability with minimal restrictions for various phase imaging applications.