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A Short Scale to Measure Self-Reported Aversive Personality in Political Elites.

Jürgen Maier1, Corinna Oschatz2, Sebastian Stier3

  • 1Department of Political Science, University of Koblenz-Landau.

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Researchers developed the Political Elites Aversive Personality Scale (PEAPS) to measure self-reported socially aversive traits in politicians. This new scale aids in understanding political behavior and negative campaigning beyond basic personality models.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Psychology
  • Personality Science

Background:

  • Research increasingly examines personality traits to explain political elite behavior.
  • Focus is shifting towards socially aversive, non-pathological traits (e.g., Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) to understand norm-violating actions.
  • Existing assessments rely heavily on observer reports from experts and voters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce and validate the Political Elites Aversive Personality Scale (PEAPS) for self-reported measurement.
  • Develop a concise scale tailored to politicians' socially aversive personality traits.
  • Assess the scale's psychometric properties and explanatory power for political behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a 6-item short scale (PEAPS) based on two studies with German politicians.
  • Included aspects of Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and spitefulness.
  • Examined model fit, internal consistency, measurement equivalence, and correlations with other traits and behaviors.

Main Results:

  • The PEAPS demonstrated acceptable model fit, internal consistency, and measurement equivalence.
  • The scale showed meaningful correlations with self-reported psychological traits and campaign behavior.
  • PEAPS significantly improved the explanation of negative campaigning beyond broad personality traits.

Conclusions:

  • The PEAPS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring self-reported socially aversive personality traits in politicians.
  • The scale offers valuable insights into political psychology, explaining elite attitudes, behavior, and performance.
  • PEAPS enhances understanding of political behavior, particularly negative campaigning, by capturing specific aversive traits.