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Yak rumen microbiome elevates fiber degradation ability and alters rumen fermentation pattern to increase feed
Congcong Zhao1, Lamei Wang1,2, Shanlin Ke3
1College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Animal Nutrition (Zhongguo Xu Mu Shou Yi Xue Hui)
|October 20, 2022
Summary
Yak rumen microbes possess enhanced fibrolytic enzymes, aiding adaptation to the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Microbiology
- Genomics
Background:
- Rumen microbes are crucial for ruminant energy and performance.
- Yak rumen function differs from other ruminants, but adaptation mechanisms are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate plateau yak rumen microbiome and metabolome.
- Understand yak adaptation to coarse forage and harsh environments.
Main Methods:
- Compared rumen microbiome and metabolome of plateau yak, Qaidam yellow cattle, and dzomo.
- Utilized metataxonomic, metagenomic, and metabolomic analyses.
- Measured rumen fermentation parameters and fibrolytic enzyme activities.
Main Results:
- Rumen microbiota composition significantly differed among the three groups.
- Plateau yak and dzomo showed enriched genes for carbohydrate-active enzymes, particularly cellulose and hemicellulose digestion.
- Yak exhibited higher fibrolytic enzyme activities and different fermentation profiles compared to cattle.
Conclusions:
- Plateau yak rumen microbiome facilitates adaptation to high-altitude environments.
- Enhanced fibrolytic enzyme gene repertoire in yak supports efficient fiber degradation.
- Microbial metabolic pathways and metabolite profiles differ, contributing to yak's unique adaptations.
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