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Room-temperature highly sensitive and selective NH3gas sensor using vertically aligned WS2nanosheets.

Shivani Sharma1,2, Rajan Saini1,3, Govind Gupta4

  • 1Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab-143005, India.

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|October 20, 2022
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Summary

This study presents a highly selective and sensitive ammonia (NH3) gas sensor using tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanosheets. The device operates at room temperature and demonstrates rapid response and recovery times for detecting low NH3 concentrations.

Keywords:
NH3 sensorTMDCsWS2 nanosheetsmicrostrainprobe sonicationroom temperature

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Development of efficient and selective gas sensors is crucial for environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
  • Tungsten disulfide (WS2) is a promising 2D material for electronic applications, including sensing.
  • Existing WS2-based sensors often face challenges with response time and selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize a room-temperature ammonia (NH3) gas sensor using WS2 nanosheets.
  • To evaluate the gas-sensing performance of WS2 nanosheets towards various analytes.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed sensing behavior.

Main Methods:

  • WS2 nanosheets were synthesized using a facile and low-cost probe sonication method.
  • Gas-sensing properties were tested for ammonia, ethanol, methanol, formaldehyde, acetone, chloroform, and benzene at 35 °C.
  • Device performance metrics including sensitivity, response/recovery times, and limit of detection were analyzed.
  • Raman spectroscopy was employed to study the interaction between NH3 and WS2.

Main Results:

  • The fabricated WS2 nanosheet sensor demonstrated high selectivity towards NH3.
  • The sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity (112% response) with a low limit of detection (5 ppm).
  • Rapid response (54 s) and recovery (66 s) times were achieved, outperforming previously reported WS2 nanostructures.
  • Raman spectroscopy indicated strong electron-phonon coupling between NH3 and WS2.

Conclusions:

  • Room-temperature NH3 gas sensing using WS2 nanosheets is feasible and highly effective.
  • The facile synthesis method yields WS2 nanosheets suitable for high-performance gas sensors.
  • The enhanced performance is attributed to the unique properties of WS2 nanosheets and their interaction with NH3 molecules.
  • The study highlights the potential of scaled 2D materials, especially with inter-digitized electrodes, for advanced sensing applications.