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Viral Infections and Wheezing in Preschool Children
Alexa M A Doss1, Jeffrey R Stokes1
1Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, MO, USA.
Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|October 20, 2022
Summary
Childhood wheezing is common, but asthma develops in a small percentage. Wheezing phenotypes and predictive indices aid in early asthma diagnosis, with various treatments available.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Childhood wheezing is a frequent condition, yet most children do not progress to asthma.
- Identifying children at risk for persistent asthma is crucial for timely intervention.
- Viral respiratory infections are primary triggers for wheezing episodes in young children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the predictive value of wheezing phenotypes and asthma predictive indices in childhood.
- To discuss the role of common viral infections in pediatric wheezing.
- To outline current treatment strategies for childhood wheezing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pediatric wheezing, asthma prediction, viral triggers, and treatment modalities.
- Analysis of existing data on wheezing phenotypes and asthma predictive indices.
- Synthesis of information on respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in wheezing.
Main Results:
- Wheezing phenotypes and validated asthma predictive indices demonstrate utility in identifying children likely to develop asthma.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus are the predominant viral causes of acute wheezing episodes.
- Effective treatment options are available for both persistent and virus-induced intermittent wheezing in children.
Conclusions:
- Early identification of asthma risk through phenotype and index assessment is key.
- Understanding viral etiologies informs management of acute wheezing.
- Comprehensive treatment approaches can manage diverse pediatric wheezing conditions.
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