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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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Advances in artificial intelligence-based microbiome for PMI estimation.

Ziwei Wang1, Fuyuan Zhang1, Linlin Wang1,2

  • 1Department of Forensic Pathology, China Medical University School of Forensic Medicine, Shenyang, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|October 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Estimating postmortem interval (PMI) is challenging. This review explores how microbiome analysis and artificial intelligence (AI) offer promising new methods for more accurate PMI estimation in forensic science.

Keywords:
artificial intelligenceforensic medicinemicrobial communitymicrobial successionpostmortem submersion interval

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Microbiology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is crucial in forensic investigations but remains challenging.
  • Traditional PMI estimation methods rely on phenomena like insect succession and biochemical changes.
  • The temporal regularity of postmortem microbial succession presents a promising avenue for PMI estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the postmortem succession of the microbiome in cadavers and their environments.
  • To summarize the application, advantages, challenges, and future directions of AI-based microbiome analysis for PMI estimation.
  • To highlight the potential of integrating next-generation sequencing (NGS) and AI in forensic medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on postmortem microbiome succession.
  • Analysis of the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in conjunction with microbiome data.
  • Discussion of next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for microbial community analysis.

Main Results:

  • The microbiome exhibits predictable temporal succession patterns after death.
  • AI technologies can analyze large microbiome datasets to build predictive models for PMI.
  • NGS and AI enable detailed insights into microbial community composition, diversity, and function.

Conclusions:

  • AI-powered microbiome analysis represents a significant advancement for forensic PMI estimation.
  • This approach offers improved accuracy and detailed ecological information compared to conventional methods.
  • Future strategies should focus on refining AI models and expanding microbiome datasets for legal medicine applications.