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A Murine Model of Group B Streptococcus Vaginal Colonization
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Appropriate Antibiotic Use for Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis Among Penicillin-Allergic Patients in Academic and

Beth L Pineles1, Katherine E Goodman2, Lisa Pineles2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|October 21, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic use for preventing neonatal group B Streptococcus infections in penicillin-allergic mothers was often incorrect. Both undertreatment and overtreatment occurred, with academic hospitals showing slightly better guideline adherence.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Penicillin allergy is common in pregnant individuals.
  • Group B Streptococcus (GBS) can cause severe neonatal infections.
  • Prophylactic antibiotics are crucial for GBS prevention in at-risk pregnancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess prophylactic antibiotic usage for GBS prevention in patients with penicillin allergy.
  • To identify patterns of undertreatment and overtreatment.
  • To compare adherence to guidelines between academic and nonacademic hospitals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of antibiotic prescribing patterns.
  • Evaluation of antibiotic selection based on GBS prophylaxis guidelines.
  • Comparison of usage rates between hospital types.

Main Results:

  • Undertreatment was frequent, including no antibiotic use or cefazolin underuse.
  • Clindamycin overuse occurred, often disregarding resistance patterns.
  • Vancomycin was overused, indicating overtreatment.
  • Academic hospitals demonstrated slightly higher adherence to guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Current prophylactic antibiotic practices for GBS in penicillin-allergic patients are suboptimal.
  • Significant undertreatment and overtreatment necessitate improved prescribing strategies.
  • Guideline adherence requires enhancement, particularly in nonacademic settings.

Keywords:
GBSantibioticgroup B Streptococcuspenicillin allergypregnancy

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