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Elevated MFG-E8 in CSF in the Early Stage Indicates Rapid Recovery of Mild Aneurysmal SAH Patients
Cong Pang1, Zheng Peng1, Xiaojian Li1
1Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China.
Background:
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) can impair blood perfusion in brain tissue and cause adverse effects. Microglia, which are the inherent immune cells of the brain, significantly activate and play a role in phagocytosis, anti-inflammatory, proinflammatory, and damage repair in this process. Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is the bridging molecule of this process and mediates the activation and biological effects of microglia.
Methods:
We obtained cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with aSAH at various times (the third day, seventh day, and ninth day) as well as from patients in the control cohort. MFG-E8 protein levels in CSF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, we evaluated the GCS and GOS of aSAH patients on admission and on the third day, seventh day, ninth day, and at discharge. Then, we analyzed the association between the levels of MFG-E8 and the changes in GCS and GOS.
Results:
MFG-E8 expression rose in the early stage on the third day and reached equilibrium around day 7 and day 9. The levels of MFG-E8 on the third day were associated with the change in GOS on the seventh day (r = 0.644, p = 0.018) and ninth day (r = 0.572, p = 0.041) compared with admission but were not correlated with the change on day 3 or at discharge. The levels of MFG-E8 were not correlated with any change in GCS.
Conclusions:
We found that aSAH resulted in an upregulation of MFG-E8 in CSF. Moreover, high MFG-E8 levels in the early stage indicated a rapid recovery of mild aSAH patients.
Insights
Early detection of milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) in cerebrospinal fluid may predict recovery in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Higher MFG-E8 levels suggest a faster recovery for mild aSAH cases.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) impairs brain perfusion and function.
- Microglia, the brain's immune cells, are activated in aSAH, influencing inflammation and repair.
- Milk fat globule epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) acts as a key mediator in microglial activation and function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of MFG-E8 in the context of aSAH.
- To determine the correlation between MFG-E8 levels and patient outcomes following aSAH.
Main Methods:
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected from aSAH patients and controls at various time points.
- MFG-E8 protein levels in CSF were quantified using ELISA.
- Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores were assessed to evaluate neurological function and recovery.
Main Results:
- MFG-E8 expression increased in the early stages (day 3) after aSAH, stabilizing by days 7 and 9.
- Elevated MFG-E8 levels on day 3 correlated with improved GOS scores on day 7 (r=0.644, p=0.018) and day 9 (r=0.572, p=0.041).
- No significant correlation was found between MFG-E8 levels and GCS changes or GOS changes at day 3 or discharge.
Conclusions:
- aSAH leads to increased MFG-E8 levels in CSF.
- Early-stage high MFG-E8 levels are associated with a more rapid recovery in mild aSAH patients.
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