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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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X-ray diffraction computed tomography.

G Harding, J Kosanetzky, U Neitzel

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    X-ray diffraction computed tomography (CT) images atomic structure by analyzing scattered X-rays, analogous to conventional CT. This new method shows potential for material characterization and tissue discrimination.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Medical Imaging
    • Physics

    Background:

    • X-ray diffraction is crucial for determining atomic structure in materials science.
    • Conventional computed tomography (CT) is widely used for imaging internal structures.
    • A novel technique combines X-ray diffraction with CT principles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe and investigate X-ray diffraction computed tomography (CT).
    • To compare X-ray diffraction CT with conventional transmission CT.
    • To explore the potential of X-ray diffraction CT for material characterization and tissue discrimination.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a first-generation CT scanner to measure small-angle coherent scatter.
    • Acquired diffraction data from a standard CT performance phantom.
    • Compared diffraction data with results from an X-ray diffractometer.

    Main Results:

    • Satisfactory agreement was observed between X-ray diffraction CT and diffractometer data, considering apparatus limitations.
    • Dose and sensitivity of X-ray diffraction CT were compared to conventional transmission CT.
    • Diffraction patterns of biological tissues and plastics demonstrated potential for discrimination.

    Conclusions:

    • X-ray diffraction CT is a viable technique for imaging atomic structure and material properties.
    • The method shows promise for enhanced tissue discrimination and material characterization.
    • Improvements in momentum resolution could further refine the technique.