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Evaluation and Management of Pruritus in Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Miriam M Düll1, Andreas E Kremer2
1Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pneumology, Endocrinology, University Hospital Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Abstract:
Chronic pruritus is a classic symptom in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. It affects up to two-thirds of patients in the course of the disease. Efficient therapy consists of topical treatment combined with systemic options such as anion exchangers, rifampicin, bezafibrate, μ-opioid receptor antagonists, selective-serotonin receptor uptake inhibitors, and gabapentinoids. Future therapeutic approaches may contain the selective blockade of the enterohepatic cycle by inhibiting the ileal bile acid transporter, the agonism at κ-opioid receptors, and antagonism of the mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X4. As nondrug treatment, ultraviolet B therapy, albumin dialysis, and biliary drainage are available at specialized centers.
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