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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
Published on: April 8, 2009
Human monkeypox (hMPXV) re-emergence: Host immunity status and current vaccines landscape
Maryam Shafaati1,2, Milad Zandi3
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran.
Abstract:
Monkeypox virus is a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus and the Poxviridae family. Orthopoxviruses are among the most intricate animal viruses. The pathogenicity of human monkeypox infection has been emphasized in response to its recent emergence in non-endemic countries and the threat of bioterrorism. It is always necessary to take appropriate precautions in exposure to emerging or re-emerging infections. Here, we focus on the current state of the human monkeypox infection outbreak, research & development of immune responses, and clinical interventions to prevent and treat the human monkeypox virus and other human poxviruses.
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