Long non-coding RNA: Multiple effects on the differentiation, maturity and cell function of dendritic cells

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs), lacking protein-coding function, modulate immune function by regulating the expression of genes or the function of protein molecules. They participate in epigenetic regulation, interfere with downstream gene transcription acting as a molecular sponge to affect miRNA function, and can combine with proteins to form nucleic acid protein complexes that affect protein function or cell location to regulate genes and regulate immune function. LncRNAs are differentially expressed in immune cells. They affect the maturity, differentiation and activation of immune cells and regulate cytokine release and immune phenotype. They are closely related to immune tolerance and cell migration. Dendritic cells (DCs) are important immune cells with the most robust antigen-presenting function, and have irreplaceable roles in human innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Emerging evidence over the past few years has suggested that LncRNAs influence the differentiation and maturation of DCs and serve as a critical role in the cell phenotype and immune function of DCs. To further understand the role of LncRNAs in the occurrence and development of DC-related diseases, we elaborated the role of LncRNAs in DC immune function, including antigen presentation, T cell activation and proliferation, DC migration. Furthermore, we summarized the impact of pathological factors (tumors, inflammation, autoimmune disease, viral infection) and physiological factors (e.g., age) on the LncRNAs in DCs, and how the changed LncRNAs altered the function and behavior of DCs resulting from the intervention. We hope this review give us have a better understanding of multiple effects of LncRNA on cell function in DCs.