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Łukasz Dobrek1

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.

Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski : Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
|October 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) involves gut dysbiosis, leading to uremic toxins that worsen kidney damage. Understanding the kidney-gut axis is crucial for managing CKD progression and its systemic effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents complex pathophysiology with systemic symptoms.
  • Gut dysbiosis and the accumulation of bacterial metabolites are key contributors to CKD pathogenesis.
  • These metabolites act as uremic toxins, promoting inflammation and oxidative stress in renal tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the intricate relationship between gut dysbiosis and chronic kidney disease progression.
  • To explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the "kidney-gut axis" phenomenon.
  • To review the physiological role of intestinal microbiota in gastrointestinal function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the "kidney-gut axis" in CKD.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiological interplay between renal function and gut microbiota.
  • Discussion of uremic toxin translocation and its systemic impact.

Main Results:

  • Progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate correlates with nitrogenous waste retention.
  • Gut dysbiosis leads to overproduction of phenols, indoles, and amines.
  • Increased intestinal permeability facilitates the translocation of these metabolites, exacerbating kidney damage.

Conclusions:

  • The "kidney-gut axis" is a critical pathophysiological link in CKD.
  • Dysbiosis-derived uremic toxins significantly contribute to inflammation, oxidative stress, and kidney remodeling.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota may offer therapeutic strategies for managing CKD.
Keywords:
chronic kidney diseasedysbiosisgut microbiotakidney-gut axis

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