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Lactols from Physalis grisea.

Ana L Pérez-Castorena1, Antonio Nieto-Camacho1, Mahinda Martínez2

  • 1Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, Cd. Mx., Mexico.

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|October 25, 2022
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Summary

Researchers isolated new compounds, griselactols A and B, from Physalis grisea. These compounds, along with others, were tested for antihyperglycemic activity via α-glucosidase inhibition.

Keywords:
Antihyperglycemic activityGriselactol AGriselactol BPhysalactolsPhysalis grisea

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Pharmacognosy
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Physalis grisea is a plant species known to produce diverse secondary metabolites.
  • Withanolides and flavonoids are classes of compounds with reported biological activities, including potential antihyperglycemic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize chemical constituents from Physalis grisea.
  • To evaluate the antihyperglycemic potential of the isolated compounds and plant extracts.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction and isolation of compounds from Physalis grisea stems, leaves, and calyxes.
  • Structure elucidation using spectroscopic methods (NMR, MS) and electronic circular dichroism (ECD).
  • In vitro evaluation of antihyperglycemic activity using the α-glucosidase inhibition assay.

Main Results:

  • Four withanolides, including two new compounds (griselactols A and B) and two known ones (physapubescin and peruvianolide E), were isolated.
  • Three known sterols and kaempferol 3-O-β-sophoroside were also identified.
  • The extracts and three major metabolites (physapubescin, griselactol A, and kaempferol 3-O-β-sophoroside) demonstrated varying degrees of α-glucosidase inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Physalis grisea is a source of novel and known withanolides with potential antihyperglycemic properties.
  • The isolated compounds, particularly physapubescin, griselactol A, and kaempferol 3-O-β-sophoroside, show promise as inhibitors of α-glucosidase.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism and efficacy of these compounds is warranted for potential diabetes management.