Maternal Obesity: An Obstetric Risk.
Amala Sunder1, Bessy Varghese1, Basma Darwish1
1Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, West Riffa, BHR.
Cureus
|October 26, 2022
Summary
Maternal obesity (body mass index ≥30) during pregnancy increases risks for hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, and longer postpartum hospital stays. However, it was not linked to gestational diabetes or increased C-section rates.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Maternal obesity is a growing concern in pregnancy, linked to various adverse outcomes.
- Understanding the specific risks associated with high body mass index (BMI) is crucial for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze obstetric risks associated with maternal obesity.
- To evaluate the effects of high maternal BMI during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 2972 pregnant women (1657 with BMI ≥30) at Bahrain Defence Force Hospital (Sep 2019 - Aug 2020).
- Comparative analysis of outcomes between obese (BMI ≥30) and non-obese (BMI <30) groups.
- Data collected on demographics, pregnancy course, and delivery complications.
Main Results:
- Women with high BMI were older and had higher parity and miscarriage history.
- High BMI significantly increased the risk of hypertension (OR 2.5), antepartum hemorrhage (OR 2.4), and postpartum complications (OR 1.6).
- High BMI was associated with longer hospital stays (>5 days) but reduced risk of Intrauterine growth restriction (OR 0.6).
Conclusions:
- Higher maternal BMI is significantly associated with increased incidence of hypertension.
- Antepartum hemorrhage and extended postpartum hospital stay are more common in pregnant women with high BMI.
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