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Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
Published on: March 18, 2020
Gender Disparities in Otolaryngology: A Case Report Reflecting Global Perspectives
Hawa M Ali1, Stellina Y H Lee2, Farizeh Jashek-Ahmed3
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, U.S.A.
Objectives:
To explore the impact of female sex on the experiences of trainees and surgeons in otolaryngology from LMIC and HIC.
Methods:
This study includes perspectives of five consultants and two resident physicians from the United States, United Kingdom, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa.
Results:
Six themes emerged from these interviews. Overall, LMIC and HIC women shared similar experiences of microaggressions during patients, working along ancillary staff, related to pregnancy, imposter syndrome, difficulties during job search, and unique barriers as consultant.
Conclusions:
The findings of this study highlight that gender disparities are present at all levels in Otolaryngology but can present differently depending on context. Laryngoscope, 133:547-551, 2023.
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