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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 24, 2025

Construction and Characterization of a Novel Vocal Fold Bioreactor
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Trilayered Hydrogel Scaffold for Vocal Fold Tissue Engineering.

R Kevin Tindell1, Michael J McPhail2, Cheryl E Myers2

  • 1Chemical Engineering; School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States.

Biomacromolecules
|October 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel trilayered hydrogel scaffold to mimic vocal fold tissue, promoting cell viability and sound production for vocal fold repair. This biomaterial advances tissue engineering for voice restoration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Vocal Fold Physiology

Background:

  • The vocal fold (VF) lamina propria is a multilayered tissue critical for sound production, requiring stiffness gradients.
  • Tissue-engineered scaffolds for VF repair must replicate native biophysical properties and support cellular functions.
  • Current VF repair strategies lack scaffolds that precisely mimic the native multilayered structure and mechanical properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a unique trilayered, partially degradable hydrogel scaffold that mimics the vocal fold lamina propria's structure and mechanical properties.
  • To evaluate the scaffold's biocompatibility, cell interaction, and potential for sound production in vitro.
  • To establish a foundation for advanced vocal fold tissue engineering scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of trilayered hydrogel scaffolds using thiol-norbornene photochemistry with increasing polymer concentration per layer.
  • Mechanical analysis to determine hydrogel modulus and stiffness gradients.
  • Assessment of cell viability and spreading using live/dead and cytoskeleton staining.
  • Evaluation of scaffold degradation and cellular remodeling in response to protease exposure.
  • Proof-of-concept air flow studies to assess sound production capabilities.

Main Results:

  • The trilayered hydrogel scaffolds successfully mimicked the stiffness gradient of the native vocal fold lamina propria.
  • Partially degradable hydrogels demonstrated high cell viability and excellent cell spreading in three dimensions.
  • Scaffolds maintained structural integrity post-protease exposure while allowing encapsulated cells to remodel the matrix.
  • The trilayered hydrogel scaffold exhibited sound production capabilities in air flow studies.

Conclusions:

  • A novel trilayered, partially degradable hydrogel scaffold effectively mimics the vocal fold lamina propria's structure and mechanical properties.
  • The developed scaffold supports cell viability, spreading, and remodeling, indicating its potential for vocal fold tissue engineering.
  • This biomaterial represents a significant advancement in creating functional scaffolds for vocal fold repair and voice restoration.