Treatment Assessment of pNET and NELM after Everolimus by Quantitative MRI Parameters

Maria Ingenerf1, Sophia Kiesl1, Michael Winkelmann1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.

Biomedicines
|October 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Quantitative MRI, particularly diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), can assess treatment response in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) and liver metastases (NELMs) receiving everolimus. Responding tumors showed decreased apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Assessing treatment response to targeted therapies like everolimus in slow-growing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is challenging.
  • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) with hepatic metastases (NELMs) often require effective monitoring of therapy efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters for assessing treatment response to everolimus in patients with pNETs and NELMs.
  • To correlate MRI findings with progression-free survival (PFS) to determine early indicators of treatment efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 17 patients with pNETs and NELMs treated with everolimus.
  • Baseline and follow-up MRI included non-contrast T1w, T2w, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).
  • Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCmean, ADCmin) and signal intensities (SI) were measured; response was defined by PFS (≥11 months for responders).

Main Results:

  • Decreased ADCmin in NELMs was observed in responders (R), while it increased in non-responders (NR); significant differences in ADC changes between groups (p < 0.03).
  • Tumor-to-liver (T/L) ratio of T1 SI in NELMs increased in R and decreased in NR, with significant differences (p < 0.02).
  • The quotient of pre- and post-therapeutic ADCmin (DADCmin) and treatment duration were associated with PFS.

Conclusions:

  • Quantitative MRI, especially DWI, shows promise for early treatment assessment of pNETs with NELMs under everolimus therapy.
  • Responding hepatic metastases exhibited decreasing ADC values, suggesting a potential inverse relationship between ADC and T1 SI changes in metastases versus primary tumors.