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A Sensitive Aptamer Fluorescence Anisotropy Sensor for Cd2+ Using Affinity-Enhanced Aptamers with Phosphorothioate

Hao Yu1,2, Qiang Zhao1,2,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.

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|October 27, 2022
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Summary

This study presents a new aptamer-based fluorescence anisotropy sensor for detecting cadmium ions (Cd2+). The developed sensor offers sensitive and selective detection of Cd2+ in real water samples, crucial for environmental monitoring and food safety.

Keywords:
aptamerbiosensorscadmium ionsfluorescencefluorescence polarization

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Heavy metal cadmium ions (Cd2+) pose significant health risks and require sensitive detection for food safety and environmental monitoring.
  • Existing detection methods may have limitations in sensitivity, simplicity, or throughput.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rapid, sensitive, and selective aptamer-based fluorescence anisotropy (FA) sensor for Cd2+ detection.
  • To enhance the sensor's performance through aptamer modification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a tetramethylrhodamine (TMR)-labeled 15-mer Cd2+ binding aptamer (CBA15).
  • Introduced single phosphorothioate (PS) modification at the third guanine (G) nucleotide (CBA15-G3S) to enhance aptamer affinity.
  • Employed fluorescence anisotropy (FA) for signal transduction, detecting Cd2+-induced aptamer structural changes.

Main Results:

  • The PS-modified aptamer (CBA15-G3S) exhibited four times higher affinity for Cd2+ compared to the unmodified aptamer.
  • Achieved a sensitive and selective FA detection of Cd2+ with a low detection limit of 6.1 nM.
  • Demonstrated successful detection of Cd2+ in real water samples.

Conclusions:

  • The aptamer-based FA sensor provides a direct detection format for Cd2+, overcoming limitations of traditional competitive assays.
  • The developed sensor shows broad application potential for environmental monitoring and ensuring food safety.