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Related Concept Videos

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain01:22

Problem Solving on Stress and Strain

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Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature02:19

Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Temperature

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Consistent with the law of mass action, an equilibrium stressed by a change in concentration will shift to re-establish equilibrium without any change in the value of the equilibrium constant, K. When an equilibrium shifts in response to a temperature change, however, it is re-established with a different relative composition that exhibits a different value for the equilibrium constant.
To understand this phenomenon, consider the elementary reaction:
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Viscosity01:17

Viscosity

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When water is poured into a glass, it falls freely and quickly, whereas if honey or maple syrup is poured over a pancake, it flows slowly and sticks to the surface of the container. This difference in the flow of different kinds of liquids arises due to the fluid friction between the liquid layers and the liquid and the surrounding material. This property of fluids is called fluid viscosity. In this example, water has a lower viscosity than honey and maple syrup.
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Cooling Rate Dependent Ellipsometry Measurements to Determine the Dynamics of Thin Glassy Films
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Temperature Rise Inside Shear Bands in a Simple Model Glass.

Alexandra E Lagogianni1, Fathollah Varnik1

  • 1Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation (ICAMS), Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metallic glasses deform in nanoscale shear bands, causing localized temperature increases due to viscous heat generation. Understanding these "hottest spots" is crucial for predicting material failure and improving structural applications.

Keywords:
metallic glassmolecular dynamics simulationplastic deformationshear bandingviscous heating

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Metallic glasses are promising structural materials but suffer from localized deformation in nanoscale shear bands.
  • Understanding processes within shear bands is critical for predicting material failure.
  • Viscous heat generation and local temperature rise are key phenomena within shear bands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the local temperature rise due to viscous heat generation within shear bands of metallic glasses.
  • To identify the primary mechanisms contributing to energy dissipation during deformation.
  • To correlate high-strain zones with temperature increases.

Main Methods:

  • Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to model the behavior of metallic glasses under shear stress.
  • Analysis focused on energy dissipation mechanisms and strain localization.
  • Temperature evolution within the simulated shear bands was tracked.

Main Results:

  • A significant local temperature rise was observed within the shear bands.
  • Plastic work performed by shear stress during steady deformation was identified as the major contributor to energy dissipation.
  • The hottest spots within the material coincided with zones of largest strain.

Conclusions:

  • The study quantifies the temperature rise in metallic glass shear bands, reaching a few percent of the glass transition temperature.
  • These findings highlight the importance of viscous heating in shear band dynamics.
  • Understanding these thermal effects is essential for mitigating catastrophic failure in metallic glass structural components.