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Crystalline Orientation-Dependent Ferromagnetism in N+-Implanted MgO Single Crystal
Xingyu Wang1, Chunlin Ma2, Weiping Zhou3
1School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2022
Summary
Nitrogen ion implantation into Magnesium Oxide (MgO) single crystals induces ferromagnetism dependent on crystal orientation. Nitrogen-substitutions and interstitials are key defects controlling this phenomenon.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Magnesium Oxide (MgO) is an important ceramic material with diverse applications.
- Investigating defects and their impact on magnetic properties is crucial for advanced materials development.
- Ion implantation offers a method to introduce specific defects and tailor material properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the ferromagnetism induced by nitrogen ion implantation in MgO single crystals.
- To investigate the influence of crystalline orientation on the magnetic properties of N-implanted MgO.
- To identify the role of specific defects in N+-implanted-induced ferromagnetism.
Main Methods:
- Single crystal MgO samples with (110), (100), and (111) orientations were implanted with 70 keV nitrogen ions at room temperature.
- Magnetic properties were characterized by measuring magnetization loops at room temperature.
- Defect analysis was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), reciprocal space mapping (RSM), and photoluminescence (PL).
Main Results:
- All as-implanted MgO samples exhibited room temperature hysteresis in magnetization loops.
- Saturation magnetization (Ms) showed a clear dependence on crystal orientation: Ms(111) > Ms(100) > Ms(110).
- The concentration of N-substitute-O and N-interstitial defects correlated with the observed magnetic behavior.
Conclusions:
- Ferromagnetism in N-implanted MgO is dependent on crystalline orientation.
- N-substitute-O and N-interstitial defects are identified as crucial factors controlling the observed ferromagnetism.
- This study provides insights into defect engineering for magnetic properties in oxide materials.
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