Structure Design and Working Characteristics Analysis of Direct-Drive Giant Magnetostrictive Injector

At present, the research of electronically controlled injectors is mostly limited to the non-direct drive structure. Although the research on the direct drive structure is involved, it mostly stays in the conceptual machine or simulation stage. In this paper, based on the direct-drive structure, the giant magnetostrictive material is used as the energy conversion material, the prototype of the direct-drive giant magnetostrictive fuel injector is designed and manufactured, and the experimental test system and AMESim simulation model are built. By means of experiment and simulation, the injection characteristics of Giant magnetostrictive injector (GMI) are tested. It is found that the minimum single injection quantity of GMI is 5.9 mm³ under the condition of 30 MPa rail pressure, which shows high injection accuracy. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results under different driving pulse widths and voltages. When the driving pulse width is not less than 650 µs, the relative errors are all less than 5%, which verifies the effectiveness of the simulation model. The injection performance of GMI is analyzed. The results show that this injector has a stable injection performance, fast response speed (the shortest injection pulse width is about 200 µs), and the injection process can be completed five times in 5 ms.