Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open and closed-loop control systems01:17

Open and closed-loop control systems

915
Control systems are foundational elements in automation and engineering. They are broadly categorized into open-loop and closed-loop systems. These classifications hinge on the presence or absence of feedback mechanisms, significantly influencing the system's performance, complexity, and application.
An open-loop control system operates without feedback from the output. It consists of two primary elements: the controller and the controlled process. The controller receives an input signal...
915
Frequency Response of Op Amp Circuits01:20

Frequency Response of Op Amp Circuits

396
Operational amplifiers (op-amp) are used in signal conditioning, filtering, or for performing mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation. The frequency response of an op-amp is an important aspect that describes how the gain of the amplifier varies with frequency.
Frequency Response and Gain:
The gain of the op-amp, A(ω), is not a constant but a function of the input signal frequency. An op-amp can maintain a constant gain at low frequencies,...
396
Frequency Response of a Circuit01:20

Frequency Response of a Circuit

349
Inductive circuits present intriguing challenges in electrical engineering, particularly during the transition from the time domain to the frequency domain. This transformation involves converting inductors into impedances and utilizing phasor representation.
The transfer function is pivotal in characterizing how these circuits react to various frequencies, facilitating a profound understanding of their behavior. An essential parameter is the time constant, signifying the...
349
Sampling Continuous Time Signal01:11

Sampling Continuous Time Signal

331
In signal processing, a continuous-time signal can be sampled using an impulse-train sampling technique, followed by the zero-order hold method. Impulse-train sampling involves the use of a periodic impulse train, which consists of a series of delta functions spaced at regular intervals determined by the sampling period. When a continuous-time signal is multiplied by this impulse train, it generates impulses with amplitudes corresponding to the signal's values at the sampling points.
In the...
331
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

123
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
123
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

139
Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any...
139

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A controlled human infection model for symptomatic pertussis in North America using the pertactin-producing clinical isolate D420.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same author

Risk Factors for Postoperative Growth Retardation in Children with Biliary Atresia After Kasai Portoenterostomy: A Retrospective Analysis.

Journal of pediatric surgery·2026
Same author

Follow-up of defecation, urination, growth and development in children with Currarino syndrome.

Translational pediatrics·2026
Same author

KOH activation of carbon electrodes for enhanced capacitive dechlorination: Performance and mechanisms.

PloS one·2026
Same author

The Evolving Landscape of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends, Omics Integration, and Future Directions.

Advances in medical education and practice·2026
Same author

DISC1 mutant macaques capture behavioral and neural hallmarks of psychiatric disease.

National science review·2026
Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators
08:53

Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators

Published on: December 29, 2015

9.3K

Frequency-Modulated Signal Measurement Using Closed-Loop Methodology.

Xinglin Sun1, Haojie Wu1, Xinyue Tan1

  • 1College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel feedback system for precise measurement of dynamic frequency-modulated (FM) signals. The new method significantly improves accuracy by eliminating quantization errors, outperforming traditional techniques.

Keywords:
frequency measurementfrequency-modulated signalnegative feedback systemphase–frequency detectorphase–frequency mapping

More Related Videos

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
05:11

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition

Published on: June 27, 2025

176
Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

3.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators
08:53

Label-free Single Molecule Detection Using Microtoroid Optical Resonators

Published on: December 29, 2015

9.3K
High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition
05:11

High-precision Electromagnetic Flowmeter with Empty Pipe Detection via Complex Programmable Logic Device-based Waveform Recognition

Published on: June 27, 2025

176
Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

3.2K

Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Measurement Science

Background:

  • Frequency-modulated (FM) signals are crucial for sensing and signal detection.
  • Existing high-precision measurement methods for dynamic FM signals and high-sampling systems require improvement.
  • Traditional equal-precision methods are limited by quantization error and sampling gate time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a high-precision feedback frequency measurement system for dynamic FM signals.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional methods, specifically ±1 word quantization error.
  • To enhance measurement accuracy in high-sampling rate systems.

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage system combining a rough measurement stage and a precise measurement stage.
  • Utilizing an equal-precision measurement method for initial frequency estimation.
  • Employing a negative feedback loop with a phase-frequency detector (PFD) and direct digital synthesizer (DDS) for precise tracking.

Main Results:

  • The proposed system effectively eliminates ±1 word quantization error.
  • Demonstrated significant improvement in frequency measurement accuracy.
  • Achieved over 30 dB accuracy improvement at a 2 kHz sampling rate.

Conclusions:

  • The developed feedback system offers enhanced precision for dynamic FM signal measurement.
  • The system's effectiveness is validated through both simulations and experimental results.
  • This advancement addresses the need for improved accuracy in high-sampling rate measurement systems.