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Sickle cell disease among Latinx in California
Jhaqueline Valle1, Judith R Baker2, Daniel Madrigal1
1Tracking California, Public Health Institute, Richmond, CA, United States of America.
Plos One
|October 27, 2022
Summary
Latinx individuals with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in California are younger and utilize emergency services less than non-Latinx patients. Understanding these differences in SCD patient demographics is crucial for improving health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Public Health
- Genetics
Background:
- Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) disproportionately affects African Americans and Latinx populations in the U.S.
- Research has historically overlooked the specific impact of SCD on the Latinx community nationwide.
- Latinx individuals represent the second-largest demographic affected by SCD in the United States.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare demographics, genotypes, insurance status, and healthcare utilization between Latinx and non-Latinx individuals with SCD in California.
- To highlight the specific characteristics of Latinx patients with SCD to inform targeted health policies and programs.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the California SCD Data Collection Program (2016-2018) and newborn screening cases (2000-2017).
- Compared a cohort of 501 Latinx SCD patients (Lx-SCD) with non-Latinx SCD patients (NLx-SCD).
- Analyzed demographic data, genotypes, primary insurance, and healthcare utilization patterns, including Emergency Department encounters.
Main Results:
- Latinx individuals with SCD were statistically significantly younger than their non-Latinx counterparts.
- Females predominated in both groups, with 70% insured by Medicaid.
- Mean Emergency Department encounters were significantly lower among adult Latinx patients with SCD.
Conclusions:
- Latinx individuals with SCD exhibit distinct demographic, genotypic, and healthcare utilization patterns compared to non-Latinx individuals in California.
- Given the growing Latinx population in the U.S., their unique SCD characteristics require focused attention.
- Addressing these specific needs is essential for developing effective policies and programs to improve health outcomes for Latinx individuals with SCD.
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