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Intravitreal Injection and Quantitation of Infection Parameters in a Mouse Model of Bacterial Endophthalmitis
Published on: February 6, 2021
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Endogenous Endophthalmitis - A Major Review
Cen Amy Xie1, Jayanti Singh2, Mudit Tyagi3
1Department of Ophthalmology, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|October 28, 2022
Summary
Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE), an inner eye infection, is increasing globally. Prompt diagnosis and treatment, including antibiotics and possibly surgery, are vital for better outcomes in this serious ocular condition.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is a severe intraocular infection with rising global incidence.
- Early signs include conjunctival injection, ocular pain, and decreased visual acuity.
- Diagnosis is often delayed due to challenging clinical presentation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the current understanding of endogenous endophthalmitis.
- To highlight diagnostic challenges and treatment strategies.
- To emphasize the importance of timely intervention.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic methods for EE.
- Discussion of current therapeutic approaches, including antibiotics and surgical options.
- Analysis of factors influencing prognosis.
Main Results:
- EE presents with varied ocular and systemic symptoms, complicating early diagnosis.
- Blood and ocular fluid cultures are crucial for pathogen identification.
- Empirical systemic and intravitreal antibiotics are standard initial treatment.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of appropriate treatment are critical for improving prognosis in EE.
- The role of steroids in managing inflammation is still debated.
- Prognosis is dependent on both host and pathogen characteristics.
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