Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

4.1K
Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in...
4.1K
Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

6.8K
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
6.8K
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

5.0K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
5.0K
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

38.5K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
38.5K
Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue01:23

Bone as Supporting Connective Tissue

3.7K
Bone tissue forms the internal skeleton of vertebrate animals, providing structure to the body.
Bone Matrix
Bone, or osseous tissue, is a connective tissue that has a large amount of two different types of matrix material. The organic matrix is similar to the matrix material found in other connective tissues, including some amount of collagen and elastic fibers. This gives strength and flexibility to the tissue. The inorganic matrix consists of mineral salts— mostly calcium salts—...
3.7K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.1K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Intraoperative Bioactivation of Bone Substitutes Using a Surgical Suction Handle: A Prospective Clinical Pilot Study.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same author

Three-Dimensional Visualization and Proteomic Analysis of Human Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis Tissue Reveals Microangiopathy and Capillary Occlusion.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Penetrating Abdominal Injuries: A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis of 49 Patients at a German Trauma Center.

Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research·2026
Same author

A New Subpopulation of Extracellular Vesicles Harvested from Osteogenically Induced Mesenchymal Stromal Cells of Surgical Site-Released Tissue.

Biomolecules·2026
Same author

3D Visualization and Proteomic Analysis of Human Cardiac Transthyretin Amyloidosis Tissue Reveals Microangiopathy and Capillary Occlusion.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Leg length and offset in short-stem total hip arthroplasty: is a single offset-implant sufficient to restore the hip rotation centre within a range of 5 mm?

Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery·2026
Same journal

[Lumbar disc herniation].

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

[Surgical management of spinal metastases].

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

[Minimally invasive surgery for insertional Achilles tendinopathy : Do Haglund resection, refixation of the Achilles tendon and Zadek osteotomy also work using minimally invasive techniques?]

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

[Extracorporeal magnetotransduction therapy in juvenile Perthes' disease : A case report].

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same journal

[Soft tissue engineering in orthopedics : Regenerative synergistic effects of shockwave therapy, PRP, EMTT, and hyaluronic acid].

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
08:41

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

Published on: August 13, 2019

8.4K

[Synthetic bone replacement substances].

André Busch1,2, Marcus Jäger3,4

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Deutschland. A.Busch@kk-essen.de.

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)
|October 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic bone substitutes offer alternatives for critical-size bone defects, addressing limitations of autografts and allografts. This study evaluates the pros and cons of various synthetic bone graft materials.

Keywords:
Bone defectBone healingOsteoconductionOsteoinductionOsteopromotion

More Related Videos

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

12.8K
Author Spotlight: Insights into the Use of Apple-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
09:49

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Use of Apple-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials
08:41

Calvarial Model of Bone Augmentation in Rabbit for Assessment of Bone Growth and Neovascularization in Bone Substitution Materials

Published on: August 13, 2019

8.4K
Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration
10:28

Biological Compatibility Profile on Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration

Published on: November 16, 2018

12.8K
Author Spotlight: Insights into the Use of Apple-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
09:49

Author Spotlight: Insights into the Use of Apple-Derived Cellulose Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

Published on: February 23, 2024

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine

Context:

  • Bone defects, particularly critical-size ones, present complex challenges in orthopedic and trauma surgery.
  • Autologous cancellous bone grafts are the gold standard but have limitations like donor site morbidity and limited supply.
  • Allogeneic bone grafts are an option but carry significant infection risks (over 10%).

Purpose:

  • To comprehensively review and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various synthetic bone substitute materials.
  • To provide an overview of current synthetic alternatives for bone defect treatment.
  • To guide the selection of appropriate synthetic materials for individual patient needs.

Summary:

  • This study examines synthetic bone substitute materials as viable alternatives for treating bone defects.
  • It contrasts their benefits and drawbacks against traditional autografts and allografts.
  • Key properties and clinical considerations of different synthetic materials are discussed.

Impact:

  • Informs orthopedic surgeons and clinicians on the efficacy and limitations of synthetic bone substitutes.
  • Aids in the development and selection of improved bone graft materials.
  • Potentially reduces complications associated with current bone grafting techniques.