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Gülşen Balta1,2, Güven Kandemir3,4, Elkan G Akyürek3,4

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The object effect enhances memory recall for features belonging to the same object in visual working memory (VWM). This automatic benefit, observed across experiments, suggests early perceptual processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Prior studies indicate enhanced information storage in visual working memory (VWM) when items share an object identity.
  • The
  • object effect
  • describes this phenomenon, but its underlying mechanisms remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of the object effect on memory for spatially equidistant features.
  • To determine if object-based grouping automatically enhances feature binding and recall in VWM.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments were conducted using visual stimuli with varying features (orientation, color) combined by task-irrelevant contours.
  • Mixture modeling was employed to quantify memory precision and guess rates for feature recall.
  • Stimulus presentation, feature consistency, and temporal order were manipulated to isolate the object effect.

Main Results:

  • Memory recall accuracy for two target features improved when they were part of the same object.
  • The probability of successful recall was higher for features extracted from a single object.
  • The object effect persisted even when feature locations were constant, and was independent of strategic object information usage.

Conclusions:

  • The object benefit in VWM is an automatic process, likely originating at an early perceptual level.
  • Object-based grouping facilitates the binding and retrieval of visual features, enhancing memory performance.
  • Findings challenge strategic explanations, supporting an inherent perceptual mechanism for object-based memory enhancement.