Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides01:26

Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides

60
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
60
Biosynthesis in Bacteria01:24

Biosynthesis in Bacteria

73
Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
73
Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

198
Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
198
Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

206
Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan...
206
Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

67
Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis...
67
Vicinal Diols via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: Pinacol Coupling Overview01:27

Vicinal Diols via Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes or Ketones: Pinacol Coupling Overview

1.8K
Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig discovered the pinacol coupling reaction in 1859. It is a radical dimerization reaction and involves the reductive coupling of aldehydes or ketones in the presence of hydrocarbon solvent to yield vicinal diols.
1.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Microbial Synthesis of Six Rosmarinic Acid Derivatives.

Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2025
Same author

Glycoside-metabolizing oxidoreductase D3dgpA from human gut bacterium.

Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology·2024
Same author

Production of Four Flavonoid <i>C</i>-Glucosides in <i>Escherichia coli</i>.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2023
Same author

Protection of Skin Fibroblasts from Infrared-A-Induced Photo-Damage Using Ginsenoside Rg3(S)-Incorporated Soybean Lecithin Liposomes.

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology·2022
Same author

Exosome-mediated delivery of transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 kinase inhibitors and toll-like receptor 7/8 agonists for combination therapy of tumors.

Acta biomaterialia·2022
Same author

Role of ginseng in the neurovascular unit of neuroinflammatory diseases focused on the blood-brain barrier.

Journal of ginseng research·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Biosynthesis of a Flavonol from a Flavanone by Establishing a One-pot Bienzymatic Cascade
09:50

Biosynthesis of a Flavonol from a Flavanone by Establishing a One-pot Bienzymatic Cascade

Published on: August 14, 2019

9.4K

Phenolic C-glycoside synthesis using microbial systems.

Yoojin Chong1, Shin-Won Lee1, Joong-Hoon Ahn1

  • 1Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology
|October 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Phenolic C-glycosides are biologically important plant compounds. This review covers recent advances in C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs) and their use in microbial systems for synthesizing these valuable compounds.

More Related Videos

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
07:59

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

9.9K
Screening and Isolation of C-Glycoside-Cleaving Intestinal Bacteria
06:38

Screening and Isolation of C-Glycoside-Cleaving Intestinal Bacteria

Published on: February 28, 2025

428

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 23, 2025

Biosynthesis of a Flavonol from a Flavanone by Establishing a One-pot Bienzymatic Cascade
09:50

Biosynthesis of a Flavonol from a Flavanone by Establishing a One-pot Bienzymatic Cascade

Published on: August 14, 2019

9.4K
A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
07:59

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products

Published on: October 4, 2019

9.9K
Screening and Isolation of C-Glycoside-Cleaving Intestinal Bacteria
06:38

Screening and Isolation of C-Glycoside-Cleaving Intestinal Bacteria

Published on: February 28, 2025

428

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Plant Science
  • Metabolic Engineering

Background:

  • Plants synthesize diverse phenolic compounds, predominantly in glycosylated forms.
  • Phenolic O-glycosides are common, but C-glycosylation is gaining attention due to biological significance.
  • Three distinct classes of C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs) targeting flavonoids, coumarins, and xanthones have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs).
  • To highlight the application of CGTs in microbial systems for phenolic C-glycoside synthesis.
  • To discuss the distinct phylogenetic nature of CGTs compared to O-glycosyltransferases.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of three classes of C-glycosyltransferases (CGTs).
  • Phylogenetic analysis to differentiate CGTs from O-glycosyltransferases.
  • Introduction of characterized CGTs into microbial systems.

Main Results:

  • CGTs form a distinct phylogenetic group separate from O-glycosyltransferases.
  • Characterized CGTs can be functionally expressed in microbial hosts.
  • Microbial systems offer a platform for the synthesis of phenolic C-glycosides.

Conclusions:

  • C-glycosylation is a significant modification of phenolic compounds with biological relevance.
  • CGTs represent a unique class of enzymes crucial for phenolic C-glycoside biosynthesis.
  • Microbial synthesis using engineered CGTs provides a promising avenue for producing valuable phenolic C-glycosides.