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The Public Health Response to COVID-19 in Vietnam: Decentralization and Human Rights
1Bioethics Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Asian Bioethics Review
|October 31, 2022
Summary
Decentralized COVID-19 measures in Vietnam, while praised for pandemic control, raised human rights concerns due to poor understanding and oversight. Improving supervision and human rights education are key recommendations for better public health policy.
Area of Science:
- Public Health Law
- Human Rights Law
- Socio-legal Studies
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic response globally highlighted human rights considerations.
- Vietnam achieved success in pandemic containment but faced human rights challenges.
- Limited research exists on human rights in Vietnam's COVID-19 response, especially concerning decentralized measures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the factors contributing to human rights concerns and breaches in Vietnam's decentralized public health measures during COVID-19.
- To analyze the social, legal, and political underpinnings of problematic decentralized decision-making in public health.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative analysis of legal and policy documents related to Vietnam's COVID-19 response.
- Examination of decentralized public health measure implementation.
- Review of existing literature on human rights and governance in Vietnam.
Main Results:
- Decentralization of public health authority during COVID-19 led to human rights concerns.
- Inadequate understanding of human rights principles was a significant factor.
- Undefined discretionary powers and insufficient supervision exacerbated these issues.
Conclusions:
- Improving supervision of the decentralization process is crucial for safeguarding human rights.
- Enhancing the understanding of human rights among officials is essential for effective and ethical public health governance.
- Vietnam's experiences offer valuable lessons for global human rights protection in pandemic responses.
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