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Effects of rest duration and ryanodine on changes of extracellular [Ca] in cardiac muscle from rabbits
Abstract:
Cumulative depletions of extracellular Ca were measured using double-barreled Ca-sensitive microelectrodes in the extracellular space of rabbit ventricular muscle. Depletions were produced by 1-Hz stimulation after rest intervals of 10 s to 10 min. With longer rest intervals, depletion size increased while the first postrest contraction decreased in a reciprocal manner. The depletions may represent refilling of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca stores that have become partially depleted of Ca during the rest. Within this interpretive framework, the longer the rest interval the lower the SR Ca content, so the SR is then capable of taking up larger amounts of Ca. This may be related to the rest decay of tension of the first postrest beat, since this is thought to be SR dependent. Ryanodine (1 microM) increased the size of the depletions after short rest intervals (less than 2 min) but not after longer (greater than or equal to 2 min) intervals. Ryanodine also increased the rate of Ca loss from the cell on cessation of stimulation. This increased rate of Ca loss with ryanodine may deplete the SR of Ca such that more Ca can be taken up during subsequent stimulation than in untreated muscles. Thus cumulative depletions after short rest intervals are enhanced by ryanodine. When a Ca load was produced during 1) quiescence [by removal of extracellular Na (Nao)] or 2) continuous stimulation (in the presence of 3 microM acetylstrophanthidin), addition of ryanodine (5-10 microM) did not produce any apparent Ca loss. Caffeine (10 mM), added after ryanodine, induced contractures accompanied by Ca efflux, implying there was Ca in the SR after ryanodine exposure. The results of other investigators have suggested that ryanodine may inhibit cardiac SR Ca release. The present study suggests that ryanodine also enhances the loss of cellular (and probably SR) Ca on cessation of stimulation but not when applied during continuous stimulation or quiescence.