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Gallbladder01:17

Gallbladder

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The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ that plays a crucial role in our digestive system. Measuring about 10 cm in length, it is comparable in size to a kiwi fruit and is located in a hollow area on the lower surface of the liver. The gallbladder's primary function is to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver that aids in digestion.
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Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Gallbladder Dyskinesia.

Michael E Presti1, Jill E Elwing1, Gregory S Sayuk1

  • 1From the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University, and the Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Southern Medical Journal
|November 1, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gallbladder dyskinesia causes abdominal pain and requires a low gallbladder ejection fraction for diagnosis. Cholecystectomy is recommended for symptom relief in diagnosed patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background:

  • Gallbladder dyskinesia is a functional gastrointestinal disorder causing severe abdominal pain.
  • Diagnosis relies on reduced gallbladder ejection fraction (GB-EF) via scintigraphy, excluding other causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic criteria and management of gallbladder dyskinesia.
  • To highlight the role of cholecystectomy in managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical criteria for gallbladder dyskinesia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic findings, including gallbladder ejection fraction.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes, focusing on cholecystectomy.

Main Results:

  • Gallbladder dyskinesia is characterized by diminished GB-EF and abdominal pain.
  • Randomized controlled trials are limited due to diagnostic and treatment complexities.
  • Cholecystectomy offers symptom relief for most patients meeting diagnostic criteria.

Conclusions:

  • Gallbladder dyskinesia requires careful diagnosis and management.
  • Surgical intervention (cholecystectomy) is the primary treatment for symptomatic patients.
  • Preoperative counseling regarding expected outcomes is essential for patient preparation.