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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

43
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
43
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

38
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
38
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

1.7K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.7K
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

1.5K
The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
1.5K
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

31
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
31
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

131
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
131

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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

A Model of Cardiac Remodeling Through Constriction of the Abdominal Aorta in Rats
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Skeletal consequences of heart failure.

Francisco Bandeira1, Lucian Batista de Oliveira1, Rodrigo Botelho Caldeira1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Agamenon Magalhães Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil.

Women'S Health (London, England)
|November 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Heart failure (HF) and osteoporosis are linked, potentially causing bone fragility and fractures. This relationship appears more significant in postmenopausal women, a vulnerable group for both conditions.

Keywords:
bonebone diseasesfracturesheartheart failuremetabolicosteoporosis

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a widespread condition causing significant physical limitations.
  • Osteoporosis, a major cause of lost functionality, disproportionately affects women.
  • Both HF and osteoporosis share common risk factors and are increasingly recognized as interrelated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the main evidence linking skeletal impairment in heart failure (HF) patients, with a specific focus on women.
  • To explore the complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between HF and osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search for evidence on skeletal impairment in HF.
  • Inclusion of data from 3 meta-analyses and 20 observational studies.
  • Focus on epidemiological data and identified pathophysiological mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Epidemiological studies confirm a strong interrelationship between HF and osteoporosis.
  • Evidence shows decreased bone density and increased fracture risk in individuals with HF.
  • Pathophysiological mechanisms include renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, elevated parathyroid hormone, inflammation, and HF medications.

Conclusions:

  • Heart failure and osteoporosis are interrelated conditions with complex shared pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Postmenopausal women represent a particularly vulnerable population, experiencing heightened risks for both cardiovascular disease and bone fragility.
  • Understanding these links is crucial for managing bone health in HF patients, especially women.