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Related Concept Videos

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

444
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
444
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

513
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
513
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

270
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
270
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

63
Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

834
The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
834

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Updated: Aug 23, 2025

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
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Building Anesthesia Capacity in the Developing World.

Kaylyn Sachse1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1301 Medical Center Drive, 4648 The Vanderbilt Clinic, Nashville, TN 37232-5614, USA.

Advances in Anesthesia
|November 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Millions lack safe surgical care due to personnel and resource shortages. Partnerships between high- and low-income communities are key to building local capacity and training more providers for sustainable healthcare.

Keywords:
Anesthesia capacity buildingGlobal anesthesiaGlobal health equity

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Surgical Care Access
  • Healthcare Systems

Background:

  • Over two-thirds of the global population lacks access to safe surgical and anesthetic care.
  • Key barriers include shortages of specialty-trained personnel and essential operating room resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the impact of international aid efforts in improving surgical care access.
  • To emphasize the importance of sustainable, community-led healthcare programs.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on collaborative partnerships between high- and low-income communities.
  • Emphasis on building local capacity and workforce development through education.

Main Results:

  • Partnerships foster self-sustaining programs.
  • Local provider education expands the trained workforce.
  • International collaboration enhances surgical care accessibility.

Conclusions:

  • Collaborative, sustainable programs are essential for global surgical care.
  • Investing in local provider education is crucial for long-term healthcare improvement.
  • Addressing resource and personnel gaps requires international partnerships.