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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

395
Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
395
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

414
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
414
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

1.0K
Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
1.0K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

429
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
429
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

620
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
620
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

212
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
212

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Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery with Multimodal Analgesia and Sevoflurane Inhalation Anesthesia
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Regional Anesthesia Complications and Contraindications.

Danial Shams1, Kaylyn Sachse1, Nicholas Statzer1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1301 Medical Center Drive, 4648 TVC, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Anesthesiology Clinics
|May 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regional anesthesia offers benefits like reduced post-operative pain and faster recovery. While complications are rare, understanding risks such as block failure and nerve injury is crucial for patient safety.

Keywords:
HematomaNerve injuryNeuraxial anesthesiaRebound painRegional anesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology and Pain Management
  • Surgical Patient Care

Background:

  • Regional anesthesia is vital for managing post-operative pain, reducing opioid requirements, and preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
  • Despite its advantages, regional anesthesia involves inherent risks and contraindications that necessitate careful patient selection and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the benefits and risks associated with regional anesthesia.
  • To identify patient populations at higher risk for complications.
  • To outline strategies for mitigating potential adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of regional anesthesia techniques and associated complications.
  • Analysis of complication categories, risk factors, and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Significant complications from regional anesthesia are infrequent.
  • Common complications include block failure, bleeding/hematoma, neurological injury, and local anesthetic toxicity.
  • Risk stratification and mitigation are key to safe practice.

Conclusions:

  • Regional anesthesia plays a significant role in enhancing surgical recovery and patient comfort.
  • Awareness and proactive management of potential complications are essential for maximizing patient safety and outcomes.