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Karrikin perception and signalling.

Mark T Waters1, David C Nelson2

  • 1School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.

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|November 5, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Karrikins (KARs), smoke-derived compounds, regulate plant growth and development. KAR/KAI2 ligand (KL) signaling impacts germination, seedling development, and stress responses, with evolutionary links to strigolactones.

Keywords:
evolutionhormoneskarrikinsmechanismproteolysissignallingstrigolactones

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Karrikins (KARs) are smoke-derived butenolides identified as seed germination stimulants.
  • KARs influence numerous plant developmental processes, including germination and seedling photomorphogenesis.
  • KAR signaling shares evolutionary links and mechanistic similarities with strigolactone (SL) signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current knowledge on KAR/KAI2 ligand (KL) signaling pathways.
  • To highlight the connection between KARs and the yet-unidentified endogenous KAI2 ligand (KL).
  • To discuss ongoing controversies and future research directions in KAR/KL signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on karrikin and strigolactone signaling.
  • Genetic analysis of KAR response mutants in model organisms like Arabidopsis thaliana.
  • Comparative studies of KAR and SL perception and signaling mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • KARs are natural analogues of an unknown endogenous signal, KAI2 ligand (KL).
  • KAR/KL signaling regulates diverse developmental processes: germination, photomorphogenesis, root growth.
  • KAR/KL signaling also influences abiotic stress tolerance and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.

Conclusions:

  • KAR/KL signaling is a crucial pathway regulating plant growth and environmental responses.
  • Understanding KAR/KL signaling provides insights into plant adaptation and hormone crosstalk.
  • Further research is needed to identify the endogenous KL and fully elucidate KAR signaling mechanisms.