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2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO201:20

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Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.
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Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
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1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

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Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
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Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
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Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

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Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
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Microwave-assisted Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Diels-Alder Reactions for the Synthesis of Functionalized Naphthalenes/Solvatochromic Dyes
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Naphthalen-1-yl-methanol.

Alexander Y Nazarenko1

  • 1Chemistry Department, State University of New York, College at Buffalo, 1300 Elmwood Ave, Buffalo, NY 14222-1095, USA.

Iucrdata
|November 7, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The crystal structure of C11H10O reveals an almost planar molecule, with its units forming infinite chains through O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in the crystal lattice.

Keywords:
1-naphthalene­methanolcrystal structurehydrogen bond

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Molecular Structure

Background:

  • Understanding molecular geometry and intermolecular interactions is crucial in solid-state chemistry.
  • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in determining crystal packing and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C11H10O.
  • To investigate the molecular planarity and intermolecular interactions within the crystal.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.
  • Analysis of atomic coordinates and bond distances/angles provided insights into molecular geometry.

Main Results:

  • The molecule C11H10O exhibits near planarity, with carbon atoms deviating minimally from their mean plane (within 0.03 Å).
  • Intermolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified, linking molecules into infinite chains along the [100] crystallographic direction.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C11H10O is characterized by a nearly planar molecular conformation.
  • The observed hydrogen bonding network dictates the formation of one-dimensional chains, influencing the overall crystal architecture.